INTRODUCTION
The story of Papa and Wākea and their descendants, including Hāloa-na-ka-lau-kapalili (also known as kalo) and Hāloa, the first kānaka, as many of the moʻolelo that we will cover, is presented in the Kumulipo. There are many facets of moʻolelo regarding the relationships of Papa and Wākea. In some moʻolelo (oli) Papa is creator and mother of all of our islands. In other moʻolelo, the islands are born from a different male and female. Here we see the necessity to be open-minded to all of our teachings.
However, there is one part of the moʻolelo that remains constant. It is the birth of Hāloanakalaukapalili and brother Hāloa. Within the moʻolelo and genealogy of Papa and Wākea, we are introduced to Hoʻohōkūkalani. Hoʻohōkūkalani is known to be daughter of Papa and Wākea, who Wākea takes as a lover and born is Hāloa-nakalaukapalili (the long stalk with fluttering leaves), a still born. From his kūpapaʻu (corpse) the first kalo plant grows. Their second child is born kanaka, known as the first Hawaiian, and this continues our genealogy, our evident connection once again to our land and our plants.
However, there is one part of the moʻolelo that remains constant. It is the birth of Hāloanakalaukapalili and brother Hāloa. Within the moʻolelo and genealogy of Papa and Wākea, we are introduced to Hoʻohōkūkalani. Hoʻohōkūkalani is known to be daughter of Papa and Wākea, who Wākea takes as a lover and born is Hāloa-nakalaukapalili (the long stalk with fluttering leaves), a still born. From his kūpapaʻu (corpse) the first kalo plant grows. Their second child is born kanaka, known as the first Hawaiian, and this continues our genealogy, our evident connection once again to our land and our plants.
MODULE 3: AT A GLANCE
This week's reading will consist of a collegiate piece, a section of David Malo's Hawaiian Antiquities, translated by Emerson. And although collegiate pieces are in-depth, especially those written by significant scholars such as Malo, I believe we are never too old to add some "fun" to our reading. Along with David Malo's moʻolelo of Papa and Wākea, you will read two other moʻolelo with vibrant artwork that summarizes the moʻokūʻauhau of Papa and Wākea down to Hāloa. These moʻolelo are geared more towards youth but is straight to the point. The first moʻolelo is called, ʻO Hāloa, Ka Hawaiʻi Mua Loa by William H. Wilson and illustrated by Brook Kapūkuniahi Parker. This moʻolelo is written in Hawaiian with English translations at the very end of the book. The second moʻolelo, is called Hāloa, by Kimo Armitage and illustrated by Solomon Enos. There is Hawaiian and English translations on each page. Enjoy this week's reading :)
As you read the two picture books, you will notice a certain style of writing. What do you notice? How do they both begin? How do they continue? Take note of this; this is a common Hawaiian way of writing moʻolelo. This week, you will be identifying and practicing the meiwi moʻokūʻauhau (Hawaiian literary device of including a characters genealogy). The importance of the meiwi moʻokūʻauhau within our stories reflects our cultural importance of recognizing those who came before us. Whereas a "main character" in Western context is focused upon up front and throughout a story, Hawaiian culture and literature recognizes that that character would not be here had it not been for those who came before and therefore, will state his/her genealogy usually at the beginning of the moʻolelo or prior to the introduction of that character.
In practicing the meiwi moʻokūʻauhau, the style starts with the male/father, then the female/mother, and then the child born. Here is one example of this style, though there are various ways to show one's genealogy with slight variation. Read your moʻolelo to identify the variation used.
ʻO Wākea ke kāne; Wākea is the male/father;
ʻO Papa ka wahine; Papa is the female/mother;
Noho pū lāua a hānau mai(la) They "sit" together and born is
ʻO Hoʻohōkūkalani, he wahine. Hoʻohōkūkalani, a female.
Your discussion in this module will be on relationships. There are many forms of relationships that take place in this moʻolelo. Deities with deities. A father-daughter relationship whose first born becomes kalo, a plant that sustains our people. Deities who born what is known to be the first Hawaiian "man" and is named after his elder brother.
What is the importance of all these relationships?
What does this story of Hāloa teach us about relationships?
What does it teach you about our culture?
Do you maintain these practices? If so, how? In not, how could you maintain these practices?
When all assignments are done, you will complete this module by taking the content QUIZ on Laulima.
As you read the two picture books, you will notice a certain style of writing. What do you notice? How do they both begin? How do they continue? Take note of this; this is a common Hawaiian way of writing moʻolelo. This week, you will be identifying and practicing the meiwi moʻokūʻauhau (Hawaiian literary device of including a characters genealogy). The importance of the meiwi moʻokūʻauhau within our stories reflects our cultural importance of recognizing those who came before us. Whereas a "main character" in Western context is focused upon up front and throughout a story, Hawaiian culture and literature recognizes that that character would not be here had it not been for those who came before and therefore, will state his/her genealogy usually at the beginning of the moʻolelo or prior to the introduction of that character.
In practicing the meiwi moʻokūʻauhau, the style starts with the male/father, then the female/mother, and then the child born. Here is one example of this style, though there are various ways to show one's genealogy with slight variation. Read your moʻolelo to identify the variation used.
ʻO Wākea ke kāne; Wākea is the male/father;
ʻO Papa ka wahine; Papa is the female/mother;
Noho pū lāua a hānau mai(la) They "sit" together and born is
ʻO Hoʻohōkūkalani, he wahine. Hoʻohōkūkalani, a female.
Your discussion in this module will be on relationships. There are many forms of relationships that take place in this moʻolelo. Deities with deities. A father-daughter relationship whose first born becomes kalo, a plant that sustains our people. Deities who born what is known to be the first Hawaiian "man" and is named after his elder brother.
What is the importance of all these relationships?
What does this story of Hāloa teach us about relationships?
What does it teach you about our culture?
Do you maintain these practices? If so, how? In not, how could you maintain these practices?
When all assignments are done, you will complete this module by taking the content QUIZ on Laulima.
MODULE ASSIGNMENTS CHECKLIST
1) read all 3 moʻolelo
2) meiwi writing activity
3) discussion thread
4) content quiz
2) meiwi writing activity
3) discussion thread
4) content quiz
READING GUIDE:
As you read, ponder these questions:
1. Who is Papa?
2. Who is Wākea?
3. Who is Hoʻohōkūkalani? According to the two picture books AND according to a version in David Malo's, Hawaiian Antiquities.
4. What significant event happens in order for Wākea to be able to sleep with his daughter, Hoʻohōkūkalani? Who advises him?
5. What is the result of Wākea and Hoʻohōkūkalani's mating?
6. From what you have learned through this moʻolelo, why is it our kuleana to mālama ʻāina/aloha ʻāina?
1. Who is Papa?
2. Who is Wākea?
3. Who is Hoʻohōkūkalani? According to the two picture books AND according to a version in David Malo's, Hawaiian Antiquities.
4. What significant event happens in order for Wākea to be able to sleep with his daughter, Hoʻohōkūkalani? Who advises him?
5. What is the result of Wākea and Hoʻohōkūkalani's mating?
6. From what you have learned through this moʻolelo, why is it our kuleana to mālama ʻāina/aloha ʻāina?